Purification of serine racemase: Biosynthesis of the neuromodulator D-serine
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Purification of serine racemase: biosynthesis of the neuromodulator D-serine.
High levels of D-serine occur in mammalian brain, where it appears to be an endogenous ligand of the glycine site of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. In glial cultures of rat cerebral cortex, D-serine is enriched in type II astrocytes and is released upon stimulation with agonists of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors. The high levels of D-serine in discrete areas of rat brain imply th...
متن کاملSerine racemase: a glial enzyme synthesizing D-serine to regulate glutamate-N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmission.
Although D amino acids are prominent in bacteria, they generally are thought not to occur in mammals. Recently, high levels of D-serine have been found in mammalian brain where it activates glutamate/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by interacting with the "glycine site" of the receptor. Because amino acid racemases are thought to be restricted to bacteria and insects, the origin of D-serine in m...
متن کاملSpatiotemporal relationships among D-serine, serine racemase, and D-amino acid oxidase during mouse postnatal development.
AIM To elucidate the spatiotemporal relationships among D-serine, serine racemase, and D-amino acid oxidase (EC 1.4.3.3; DAO) in mouse cortex, striatum, cerebellum, heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, and skeletal muscle during mouse postnatal development. METHODS The transcription levels of serine racemase and DAO were assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The ...
متن کاملCofactors of serine racemase that physiologically stimulate the synthesis of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor coagonist D-serine.
High levels of d-serine occur in the brain, challenging the notion that d-amino acids would not be present or play a role in mammals. d-serine levels in the brain are even higher than many l-amino acids, such as asparagine, valine, isoleucine, and tryptophan, among others. d-serine is synthesized by a serine racemase (SR) enzyme, which directly converts l- to d-serine. We now report that SR is ...
متن کاملNitric oxide S-nitrosylates serine racemase, mediating feedback inhibition of D-serine formation.
Serine racemase (SR) generates D-serine, a coagonist with glutamate at NMDA receptors. We show that SR is physiologically S-nitrosylated leading to marked inhibition of enzyme activity. Inhibition involves interactions with the cofactor ATP reflecting juxtaposition of the ATP-binding site and cysteine-113 (C113), the site for physiological S-nitrosylation. NMDA receptor physiologically enhances...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 1999
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.2.721